IMPACT OF HARMFUL OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS ON THE HEALTH STATUS OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WORKERS

The impact of harmful occupational factors at manufacturing industry enterprises remains one of the pressing issues in occupational medicine due to the high prevalence of work-related diseases and occupational injuries among workers engaged in core technological operations. The aim of the study was to conduct a comprehensive hygienic and medical-functional assessment of working conditions and to determine the influence of harmful occupational factors on the health status of workers employed in manufacturing enterprises.

A hygienic assessment of working conditions was carried out with analysis of noise, vibration, dust levels, and concentrations of low-fibrogenic aerosols in the workplace air. A medical-functional assessment of workers' health status was also performed, including determination of the relative risk (RR) and etiological fraction (EF) of occupationally related diseases.

Workers involved in core technological processes were found to be exposed to excessive levels of noise, vibration, inorganic dust, and low-fibrogenic aerosols. Working conditions corresponded to hazardous classes 3.1-3.2, characterized by moderate to high levels of occupational risk. The identified morbidity structure was dominated by musculoskeletal disorders, upper respiratory tract diseases, and occupational injuries.

High values of relative risk (RR = 2.0-5.0) and etiological fraction (EF = 49.9-80.0%) were established, confirming a significant association between exposure to harmful occupational factors and the development of health disorders. The highest occupational risk was recorded among workers exposed to prolonged effects of noise, vibration, and industrial aerosols. Occupational injuries accounted for 60.64%, indicating a substantial adverse impact of unfavorable working conditions on workers' health.

The obtained results demonstrate the pronounced negative effect of harmful occupational factors on the health status of manufacturing industry workers and confirm the necessity of improving the occupational risk management system aimed at reducing exposure to physical and aerosol factors, enhancing working conditions, and preventing occupationally related diseases.